What Medications Can Affect ICL Surgery?

When you are considering ICL surgery, also known as Implantable Collamer Lens surgery, one important question is how your current medications might affect the procedure. Certain medications can influence eye health, the body’s healing response, and overall surgical safety. Because the lens is implanted inside the eye, careful preparation is essential before surgery takes place.

Understanding how medications may interact with the procedure helps you prepare properly and reduces potential risks. Some drugs can affect eye pressure, blood clotting, or the stability of the eye’s tissues. Identifying these factors in advance allows your surgeon to plan the procedure more safely and effectively.

Before any ICL surgery, your surgeon will carefully review the medications you currently take. This includes prescription drugs, over-the-counter medicines, and any supplements you may use regularly. The goal is to identify anything that could interfere with the operation or slow the healing process afterwards.

This careful review ensures that your treatment plan is tailored to your individual health needs. In some cases, temporary adjustments to medication may be recommended before surgery. Understanding these considerations helps ensure the procedure is as safe and effective as possible. In the following sections, you will learn about the main categories of medications that may affect ICL surgery and how surgeons manage them to optimise outcomes.

Blood Pressure Medications

High blood pressure is a common condition, and many patients take antihypertensive medications to keep it under control. These medicines are important for maintaining overall health and reducing the risk of heart and vascular problems. If you are preparing for ICL surgery, your surgeon will review these medications as part of the pre-operative assessment. This helps ensure that your treatment plan supports both eye health and general wellbeing.

Some blood pressure medications, such as beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, and ACE inhibitors, can influence how the body responds to stress during surgery. In certain situations, they may also affect factors such as heart rate, blood pressure stability, or intraocular pressure. Understanding these effects allows the surgical team to plan the procedure more carefully. Monitoring these factors helps maintain a safe and stable environment during surgery.

Your surgeon may also communicate with your general practitioner or specialist to confirm that your blood pressure is well controlled before the procedure. This collaborative approach helps ensure that your overall health is stable for surgery. In most cases, patients can continue taking their prescribed medications as normal, but medical guidance is important. Careful planning and coordination between doctors helps support a safe and successful surgical outcome.

Anticoagulants and Blood Thinners

Anticoagulant medications, commonly referred to as blood thinners, are frequently prescribed to prevent blood clots and reduce the risk of conditions such as stroke or heart attack. However, these medications can influence surgical procedures, including Implantable Collamer Lens (ICL) surgery. Because they reduce the blood’s ability to clot, they may increase the likelihood of bleeding during or after the procedure. For this reason, surgeons carefully review any anticoagulant medications before planning surgery.

• Increased Risk of Bleeding: Blood thinners such as warfarin, rivaroxaban, and apixaban reduce the blood’s clotting ability. During eye surgery, this can increase the risk of minor bleeding within the eye, which may complicate the procedure or affect surgical visibility.
• Impact on Surgical Healing: Even small amounts of bleeding can slow the healing process after surgery. Careful management of anticoagulant medications helps minimise this risk and supports a smoother recovery.
• Coordination with Your Prescribing Doctor: Surgeons often work closely with the doctor who prescribed the anticoagulant medication. This collaboration ensures that any adjustments, such as temporarily pausing or modifying the medication, are done safely without increasing the risk of blood clots.
• Individual Risk Assessment: Each patient’s medical situation is different, so decisions about anticoagulant use before surgery are personalised. The surgeon evaluates overall health, surgical risk, and the reason for the medication before recommending any changes.

In conclusion, anticoagulant medications can influence the safety and planning of ICL surgery because they increase the risk of bleeding. By reviewing these medications carefully and coordinating with other healthcare providers, surgeons can minimise potential complications. This careful preparation helps ensure that the procedure is performed as safely as possible while protecting the patient’s overall health.

Anti-Inflammatory Medications

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as Ibuprofen or Diclofenac, are commonly used to relieve pain and reduce inflammation. Many people take these medications for conditions such as headaches, muscle pain, or joint discomfort. If you are preparing for ICL surgery, your surgeon will review whether you are using these medicines regularly. This helps ensure that your treatment plan supports safe surgery and recovery.

In some cases, NSAIDs can affect the body’s natural healing response and may slightly increase bleeding tendencies. Although these effects are usually mild, they can still be important when planning a surgical procedure. For this reason, your surgeon may carefully assess how often you take these medications. Understanding their potential influence helps minimise unnecessary surgical risks.

Your surgeon may recommend avoiding certain anti-inflammatory medications for a short period before the operation. Temporarily pausing these drugs can reduce the chance of complications and support a smoother recovery process. You should only stop or adjust medications under medical guidance. Following your surgeon’s instructions helps ensure the safest possible outcome from your procedure.

Steroid Medications

Steroid medications are commonly prescribed to treat conditions such as arthritis, asthma, allergies, and certain skin disorders. These drugs may be taken as tablets, injections, inhalers, or topical creams depending on the condition being treated. If you are planning ICL surgery, your surgeon will review whether you are currently using any steroid medications. This assessment helps ensure that your eyes and overall health are suitable for the procedure.

Steroids can sometimes influence eye health by affecting the cornea, the natural lens, or the pressure inside the eye. In some patients, steroid use may increase intraocular pressure, which can be an important consideration before eye surgery. Changes in eye pressure or corneal stability could influence the planning of the procedure. For this reason, surgeons evaluate steroid use carefully during the pre-operative assessment.

Your surgeon may monitor your eye pressure and overall eye health before and after the procedure if steroids are part of your treatment. In some situations, adjustments to medication timing or dosage may be considered in collaboration with your prescribing doctor. Careful monitoring helps reduce potential risks and ensures that the surgery can proceed safely. This thorough approach supports both successful treatment and a smooth recovery.

Medications for Diabetes

Patients who take medications for diabetes, such as Insulin or oral hypoglycaemic drugs like Metformin, require careful monitoring when preparing for ICL surgery. These medications are essential for controlling blood sugar levels and maintaining overall health. Before the procedure, your surgeon will review your diabetes management to ensure that your condition is stable. This helps reduce potential risks during and after surgery.

Fluctuations in blood sugar levels can influence how the body heals after a surgical procedure. Poorly controlled glucose levels may increase the risk of infection or slow the healing process. Because eye surgery involves delicate tissues, maintaining stable blood sugar is particularly important. Careful monitoring helps ensure that the eye recovers smoothly after the operation.

ICL surgeons often coordinate with your diabetic care team to confirm that your glucose levels are well managed before surgery. This collaborative approach allows adjustments to medication or monitoring routines if needed. By ensuring that diabetes is properly controlled, the surgical team can create safer conditions for the procedure. Good preparation helps support both successful surgery and a stable recovery.

Medications for Heart Conditions

Patients who take medications for heart conditions may need additional evaluation before ICL surgery. Drugs used to manage heart rhythm problems or prevent blood clots can sometimes influence surgical safety. These medications are important for maintaining cardiovascular health, so your surgeon will review them carefully as part of your pre-operative assessment. Understanding your full treatment plan helps the surgical team prepare appropriately.

Certain heart medications, such as anticoagulants like Warfarin or antiarrhythmic drugs such as Amiodarone, may affect how your body responds during surgery. These medicines can influence blood clotting, heart rhythm, or interactions with anaesthesia. Because of this, surgeons need to consider how these medications might impact both the procedure and the recovery process. Careful evaluation helps reduce potential risks.

Providing a complete list of all heart medications you take is essential when preparing for surgery. This includes prescription drugs, over-the-counter medicines, and any supplements you regularly use. Your surgeon may also coordinate with your cardiologist to ensure your heart condition is well managed before the procedure. This collaborative approach helps ensure that the surgical plan is as safe and effective as possible.

Medications Affecting Pupil Dilation

Some medications can influence the size of your pupils or how well they respond to light. These may include certain eye drops as well as systemic medications taken for other health conditions. Because pupil behaviour plays an important role in eye surgery, your surgeon will review any medicines that could affect this function. Understanding these effects helps ensure the procedure can be performed safely.

During ICL surgery, the lens is inserted through the pupil, so adequate dilation is essential for clear visibility and surgical precision. If the pupil does not dilate properly, it can make certain steps of the procedure more challenging. For this reason, surgeons carefully assess medications that might limit pupil movement. Ensuring proper dilation allows the surgeon to work with greater accuracy inside the eye.

In some cases, your surgeon may recommend temporarily stopping or adjusting medications that restrict pupil dilation. This decision is always made with medical guidance and in consideration of your overall health. The aim is to create the safest conditions for surgery while maintaining appropriate treatment for any underlying conditions. Careful preparation helps support both surgical accuracy and a smooth recovery.

Medications Affecting Corneal Health

Certain medications can influence the health of the cornea and the stability of the tear film. For example, drugs such as Isotretinoin, often prescribed for severe acne, or some chemotherapy treatments may affect how the cornea heals. These medications can sometimes reduce tear production or alter the surface of the eye. Because of this, surgeons carefully review any treatments that might affect the ocular surface before planning ICL surgery.

Healthy corneal tissue is essential for safe ICL placement and good long-term visual outcomes. The cornea helps maintain a stable optical surface and supports accurate surgical measurements. If the cornea is affected by medication or dryness, it may influence how the eye responds during and after surgery. Ensuring that the corneal surface is healthy helps improve both surgical precision and recovery.

If you are using medications that may affect corneal health, your surgeon may recommend additional precautions. In some situations, surgery may be timed around your treatment schedule to allow the eye surface to stabilise. Your surgeon may also monitor the tear film and corneal condition more closely before proceeding. This careful approach helps ensure the safest possible conditions for surgery and recovery.

Medications Affecting Blood Clotting

In addition to prescribed anticoagulants, certain supplements and over-the-counter medications can also influence the body’s ability to form blood clots. While these products are often taken for general health benefits, they may increase the likelihood of bleeding during or after eye surgery. Because of this potential effect, surgeons carefully review all substances a patient may be taking before planning the procedure. Providing complete information about medications and supplements helps ensure a safe surgical experience.

• Supplements That Influence Clotting: Some commonly used supplements, such as high-dose vitamin E, fish oil, and certain herbal remedies, can affect platelet function and blood clotting. Although these products are widely available without a prescription, they may still increase the risk of bleeding during surgery.
• Risk of Bleeding or Bruising: When clotting ability is reduced, even minor surgical procedures can result in increased bleeding or bruising. In eye surgery, this could affect the surgical field or slow the healing process afterwards.
• Importance of Full Disclosure: Patients should inform their surgeon about all supplements, vitamins, and over-the-counter medications they take regularly. This includes products that may seem unrelated to eye health, as they can still influence surgical safety.
• Temporary Adjustments Before Surgery: In some cases, surgeons may recommend pausing certain supplements before surgery. These adjustments are typically temporary and help minimise the risk of bleeding complications during the procedure.

In conclusion, supplements and non-prescription medications can sometimes affect blood clotting and influence surgical safety. By providing a complete list of everything you take, patients allow their surgeon to assess potential risks and make appropriate recommendations. This careful preparation helps ensure a smoother procedure and safer recovery.

Immunosuppressants

Patients who take immunosuppressant medications for conditions such as autoimmune diseases or following organ transplantation may require additional evaluation before ICL surgery. These drugs are used to control the immune system and prevent harmful inflammatory responses. However, because they reduce immune activity, they can sometimes influence how the body heals after a surgical procedure. Your surgeon will review these medications carefully during the pre-operative assessment.

Immunosuppressants may slow the body’s natural healing process and slightly increase the risk of infection after surgery. Since ICL implantation involves delicate structures inside the eye, maintaining a stable healing response is very important. Surgeons consider these factors when planning the timing of the procedure and the approach to post-operative care. Careful preparation helps minimise potential complications.

In some cases, surgeons may coordinate with your specialist doctor to ensure your condition is well managed before surgery. Adjustments to the surgical schedule or post-operative treatment plan may be recommended to support safe recovery. Close monitoring after the procedure allows the medical team to detect and address any concerns promptly. This careful approach helps reduce the chance of complications and supports successful visual outcomes.

Medications Affecting Fluid Balance

Some medications can influence the body’s fluid balance, which may also affect the eyes. Drugs such as diuretics are often prescribed to treat conditions like high blood pressure, heart disease, or fluid retention. These medicines help remove excess fluid from the body, but they can sometimes influence how fluids are regulated within the eye. Because of this, your surgeon will review these medications before planning ICL surgery.

Stable intraocular pressure is important during ICL surgery, as it helps create safe conditions for precise lens placement. Changes in fluid balance may occasionally affect eye pressure or the way the eye responds during the procedure. Understanding how your medications influence these factors allows the surgical team to plan the operation more carefully. Maintaining stability helps support both surgical safety and accuracy.

Your surgeon may review any fluid-related medications you take and consider whether adjustments are necessary before surgery. In most cases, patients can continue their usual treatment, but medical guidance ensures the safest approach. The goal is to create optimal conditions for the procedure while maintaining proper management of your overall health. Careful preparation helps ensure the best possible outcome from ICL surgery.

Medications for Mood and Mental Health

Some medications used to treat mood or mental health conditions can influence certain functions of the eye. Drugs such as antidepressants, antipsychotics, or anti-anxiety medications may affect pupil size, tear production, or eye pressure in some individuals. These effects are usually mild, but they can occasionally influence how the eye responds during surgery. Because of this, your surgeon will review these medications carefully during the pre-operative assessment.

In most cases, these medications do not prevent patients from having ICL surgery. However, awareness of their potential effects allows the surgical team to plan the procedure more safely. Understanding how these medicines interact with the body helps surgeons anticipate any small changes that may occur during surgery or recovery. This preparation helps maintain both safety and surgical precision.

It is important to discuss any mental health medications openly with your surgeon before the procedure. Providing a complete list of all medications ensures that nothing is overlooked during surgical planning. Your medical team can then make informed decisions about timing, monitoring, and post-operative care. This careful approach helps support a safe procedure and a smooth recovery.

Eye Drops and Topical Medications

Even over-the-counter eye drops can influence the condition of your eyes before ICL surgery. Many people use lubricating drops, allergy treatments, or medicated eye solutions without realising they may affect the ocular surface. While most drops are safe, some ingredients can alter the tear film or irritate the eye if used frequently. For this reason, your surgeon will ask about any eye drops you currently use.

Some eye drops contain preservatives that may affect the health of the corneal surface over time. These preservatives can occasionally cause dryness or irritation, which may influence the accuracy of pre-operative measurements. In addition, certain medicated drops may affect eye pressure or pupil behaviour. Understanding these effects helps the surgical team assess whether any changes are needed before surgery.

Your surgeon will review all topical treatments, including prescription and over-the-counter products, during the consultation. If necessary, they may recommend switching to preservative-free drops or temporarily adjusting your treatment. The goal is to ensure the eye surface is as healthy and stable as possible before the procedure. Careful preparation helps create optimal conditions for safe ICL surgery and smooth recovery.

Allergy Medications

Some medications used to treat allergies can influence the condition of the eyes before ICL surgery. Many allergy treatments work by reducing the body’s histamine response, but they can sometimes cause dryness or mild changes in pupil behaviour. These effects may slightly alter the tear film or the way the eye surface functions. Because of this, your surgeon will review any allergy medications you currently use.

A stable tear film and healthy corneal surface are essential for accurate eye measurements and successful lens placement. When the eyes become dry, the surface of the cornea may temporarily change, which can affect the precision of pre-operative testing. Since ICL surgery relies on highly accurate measurements, maintaining a healthy ocular surface is very important. Ensuring the eye is in the best possible condition helps support reliable surgical planning.

If certain allergy medications are affecting your eyes, your surgeon may recommend temporary adjustments before surgery. This might involve switching treatments or using additional lubricating drops to improve tear stability. Any changes are usually short term and made with your overall health in mind. Careful preparation helps create the best environment for safe surgery and optimal visual results.

Pain Relief Medications

Certain pain relief medications can influence surgical planning, particularly if they affect blood clotting or inflammation. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly used to manage pain, but they may increase the risk of bleeding during surgical procedures. Because of this, surgeons often review any regular use of analgesics before scheduling eye surgery. Temporary adjustments to these medications can help reduce risks and support smoother healing after the procedure.

• Impact of NSAIDs on Bleeding: NSAIDs such as ibuprofen or naproxen can interfere with platelet function, which plays an important role in blood clotting. When taken regularly, these medications may increase the likelihood of minor bleeding during surgery.
• Temporary Pause Before Surgery: In some cases, surgeons may recommend stopping certain pain relief medications for a short period before surgery. This precaution helps reduce bleeding risk and allows the surgical team to perform the procedure under optimal conditions.
• Supporting Post-Operative Healing: Managing pain medications carefully before surgery can contribute to better healing afterwards. Reduced bleeding and inflammation may help the eye recover more smoothly following the procedure.
• Guidance on Resuming Medication: Your surgical team will provide clear instructions on when it is safe to restart pain relief medications after surgery. Following this guidance ensures comfort while protecting the healing process.

In conclusion, some pain relief medications, particularly NSAIDs, may need to be paused before eye surgery to minimise bleeding risks. By reviewing medication use and following the surgeon’s instructions, patients can help ensure a safer procedure and smoother recovery. Proper timing for stopping and restarting these medications plays an important role in successful surgical outcomes.

The Importance of Full Disclosure

One of the most important steps before ICL surgery is providing your surgeon with a complete list of all medications you take. This includes prescription medicines, over-the-counter treatments, vitamins, and herbal supplements. Many patients do not realise that even common medications can influence eye health or the body’s healing response. Sharing this information ensures that nothing important is overlooked during surgical planning.

Some medications may affect eye pressure, pupil behaviour, tear production, or the body’s ability to heal after surgery. Even treatments that seem minor or unrelated to eye health can occasionally influence surgical safety. When surgeons understand your full medical and medication history, they can evaluate any possible effects in advance. This careful review helps prevent unexpected issues during the procedure or recovery period.

Being open and transparent about all medications allows your surgical team to make informed decisions. In some cases, small adjustments to medication timing or dosage may be recommended before surgery. These changes are usually temporary and designed to create the safest conditions for the procedure. Providing accurate information helps reduce risks and supports the best possible outcome from ICL surgery.

Collaborative Care

ICL surgery planning often involves cooperation between different healthcare professionals. Your eye surgeon may work closely with your primary care physician, cardiologist, or other specialists if your medications or medical conditions could influence the procedure. This teamwork ensures that all aspects of your health are considered before surgery takes place. By sharing medical information, doctors can create a safe and well-coordinated treatment plan.

This collaboration helps ensure that medications are managed appropriately before and after the procedure. For example, doctors may confirm that blood pressure is well controlled or that blood sugar levels are stable in patients with diabetes. In some cases, minor adjustments to medication schedules may be recommended to support safer surgery and recovery. These decisions are always made carefully to maintain your overall health while preparing for the operation.

Working with multiple healthcare professionals also helps reduce potential risks during ICL surgery. Each specialist contributes knowledge about your condition and medications, allowing the surgical team to plan with greater confidence. Patients often feel reassured knowing that their treatment has been reviewed from several medical perspectives. This collaborative approach helps ensure the procedure is tailored to your individual health needs and supports the best possible outcome.

FAQs:

1. What medications can affect ICL surgery?
Several types of medications can influence ICL surgery, including blood pressure drugs, anticoagulants, anti-inflammatory medications, steroids, diabetes treatments, and certain supplements. These medications may affect factors such as blood clotting, eye pressure, pupil dilation, or the body’s healing response. Because of this, surgeons carefully review all medications before the procedure to ensure the safest surgical conditions.

2. Do I need to stop taking my medications before ICL surgery?
Most patients can continue their usual medications, but some drugs may need temporary adjustment before surgery. For example, medications that affect blood clotting or inflammation may occasionally be paused for a short period. Any changes are always made under medical supervision to ensure your overall health remains stable while preparing for the procedure.

3. Why does my surgeon ask about supplements and over-the-counter medications?
Supplements and non-prescription medications can sometimes affect the body in ways that influence surgery. Certain vitamins, herbal remedies, or products like fish oil may affect blood clotting or healing. Providing a complete list of everything you take helps your surgeon identify any potential risks and plan the procedure more safely.

4. Can blood pressure medications affect ICL surgery?
Blood pressure medications are commonly reviewed before surgery because they can influence heart rate, blood pressure stability, and occasionally intraocular pressure. In most cases, patients continue taking these medications as prescribed. However, your surgeon may coordinate with your doctor to ensure your blood pressure is well controlled before the procedure.

5. Do blood thinners increase the risk of complications during ICL surgery?
Blood thinners can increase the risk of bleeding during surgical procedures because they reduce the blood’s ability to clot. Although ICL surgery is minimally invasive, surgeons still evaluate these medications carefully. In some situations, temporary adjustments may be considered in consultation with the doctor who prescribed the medication.

6. Can steroid medications affect eye surgery?
Steroid medications can influence eye health in certain ways, including increasing intraocular pressure or affecting corneal stability in some patients. Because of these potential effects, surgeons review steroid use carefully before planning ICL surgery. Monitoring eye pressure and overall eye health helps ensure the procedure can be performed safely.

7. How do diabetes medications affect ICL surgery preparation?
Diabetes medications themselves do not usually interfere directly with the procedure, but blood sugar control is important for healing after surgery. Poorly controlled glucose levels can slow the body’s recovery or increase the risk of infection. Surgeons often review diabetes management to ensure blood sugar levels are stable before the procedure.

8. Can medications affect pupil dilation during ICL surgery?
Yes, some medications can influence how the pupil responds to light or how widely it can dilate. Since adequate pupil dilation is important for inserting the lens safely during ICL surgery, surgeons review any medications that may affect this function. If necessary, adjustments may be recommended to ensure proper surgical visibility.

9. Do certain medications affect the cornea or tear film?
Some medications can affect the surface of the eye by reducing tear production or altering corneal health. Drugs such as isotretinoin or certain allergy treatments may cause dryness or changes in the ocular surface. Maintaining a stable tear film and healthy cornea is important for accurate surgical measurements and smooth recovery.

10. Why is it important to provide a full medication list before ICL surgery?
Providing a complete list of all medications, supplements, and eye drops helps your surgeon identify anything that might influence the safety of the procedure. Even treatments that seem unrelated to eye health can affect blood clotting, healing, or eye pressure. Full disclosure allows the surgical team to plan carefully and minimise potential risks during and after ICL surgery.

Final Thoughts: Why Medication Review Is Essential Before ICL Surgery

Before undergoing ICL surgery, reviewing your medications is an important part of ensuring the procedure is as safe and effective as possible. Certain medications can influence factors such as blood clotting, eye pressure, pupil dilation, tear production, and the body’s healing response. By providing your surgeon with a complete list of prescription medicines, over-the-counter treatments, supplements, and eye drops, you allow the surgical team to identify any potential risks and make appropriate adjustments if necessary. This careful preparation helps create the safest possible conditions for the procedure and supports a smoother recovery.

In most cases, medications do not need to be stopped completely, but they may be monitored or temporarily adjusted to optimise surgical outcomes. Surgeons may also coordinate with your GP or specialist doctors to ensure that any underlying medical conditions are well controlled before surgery. This collaborative approach ensures your treatment plan is tailored to your individual health needs. If you’re considering lens surgery in London, you can get in touch with us at London Cataract Centre.

References:

1. Kim, Y.H., Yoon, C.H. and Kim, M.K., 2025. Long-term outcome and related risk factors in implantable collamer lens implantation of high myopia. Korean Journal of Ophthalmology, 39(2), pp.134–144. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40007092/
2. Del Risco, N.E., Talbot, C.L., Moin, K.A., Manion, G.N., Brown, A.H., Walker, S.M., Zhong, P.S., Zhang, H., Hoopes, P.C. and Moshirfar, M., 2024. Visual outcomes of cataract surgery in patients with previous history of implantable collamer lens. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 13(15), 4292. Available at: https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/13/15/4292
3. Kapoor, G., Sharma, V.K., Singh, P., Sahran, D., Seth, S., Ambiya, V., Kalra, N. and Mishra, A., 2025. Objective and subjective outcomes following implantable collamer lens (ICL) implantation for the correction of myopia. Oman Journal of Ophthalmology. Available at: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12258833/
4. Sanders, D.R., Doney, K. and Poco, M., 2004. United States Food and Drug Administration clinical trial of the Implantable Collamer Lens (ICL) for moderate to high myopia: Three-year follow-up. Ophthalmology. Available at: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0161642004005597
5. AlBalawi, H.B., Alali, N.M., Altemani, A.H. and Magliyah, M.S., 2024. Anterior segment migration of intravitreal dexamethasone implant in a patient with scleral fixation intraocular lens implant: a case report. Journal of Surgical Case Reports, 2024(3). Available at: https://academic.osup.com/jscr/article/2024/3/rjae121/7624382